Mark Side History

Side projects throughout history and the stories of the men and women behind them.

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Martha Coston and her side project: The signal flare

As a young widow raising four children, Martha Coston pioneered a naval flare system that transfo...
Adam Howell
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Samuel Morse and his side project: The telegraph

Samuel F.B. Morse transformed human communication while pursuing an unrequited artistic dream. Hi...
Adam Howell
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Charles Goodyear and his side project: the vulcanization of rubber

While struggling as a failed businessman in the 1830s, Charles Goodyear (1800–1860) became obsess...
Adam Howell
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John Walker and his side project: Matchsticks

In a modest pharmacy in northeastern England, John Walker accidentally revolutionized humanity's ...
Adam Howell
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Eli Whitney and his side project: The Cotton Gin

Yale graduate Eli Whitney's (1765–1825) modest side project—a simple machine to separate cotton s...
Adam Howell
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Charles Macintosh and his side project: Waterproof fabric

In the rainy streets of early 19th century Glasgow, industrial chemist Charles Macintosh (1766–18...
Adam Howell
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James Watt and His Side Project: Revolutionizing the Steam Engine

James Watt (1736–1819) transformed a broken model engine into the innovation that would drive the...
Adam Howell
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John Harrison and His Side Project: The Marine Chronometer

In the early 18th century, a humble carpenter with no formal education solved the greatest naviga...
Adam Howell
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Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and His Side Project: Microscopy

In 17th-century Delft, Netherlands, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)—a textile merchant with n...
Adam Howell
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Johannes Gutenberg and His Side Project: The Printing Press

In 15th-century Germany, Johannes Gutenberg (c.1400–1468) performed a delicate balancing act. By ...
Adam Howell
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Geoffrey Chaucer and his side project: The Canterbury Tales

In 14th-century London, a middle-aged customs official hunches over ledgers in his cramped office...
Adam Howell
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Nicolaus Copernicus and His Side Project: The Heliocentric Model

In the remote Baltic town of Frombork, a church official greeted each sunrise like any of his pee...
Adam Howell
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Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi and his side project: Algebra

In 9th-century Baghdad, amid the golden age of the Abbasid Caliphate, Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwari...
Adam Howell
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Marcus Aurelius and His Side Project: Meditations

While ruling the vast Roman Empire during its most turbulent period, Marcus Aurelius (121-180 CE)...
Adam Howell
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Claudius Ptolemy and his side project: Mapping the Heavens and the Earth

In the shadow of Alexandria's fading Library, a diligent Roman administrator spent his days calcu...
Adam Howell
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What was history’s first side project?

This is actually a pretty tricky question. Ancient life wasn’t structured like today. People didn...
Adam Howell
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What is Side History?

Side projects throughout history – from big ideas to big businesses – and the stories of the men and women behind them. Book coming soon!

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